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Unleash on Google Cloud Run

Unleash on Google Cloud Run

Unleash is an open-source, Apache-2.0-licensed feature-flag and toggle-management platform for progressive delivery, A/B testing, and gradual rollouts. This module deploys Unleash on Cloud Run v2 on top of the App_CloudRun foundation, which provisions and manages the shared Google Cloud infrastructure.

This guide focuses on the cloud services Unleash uses and how to explore and operate them from the Google Cloud Console and the command line. For the mechanics common to every Cloud Run application — service identity, ingress and load balancing, scaling and concurrency, CI/CD, Cloud Armor, IAP, Binary Authorization, VPC Service Controls, backups, and the deployment lifecycle — refer to the App_CloudRun foundation guide rather than repeating them here.


1. Overview

Unleash runs as a Node.js container on Cloud Run v2. The deployment wires together a focused set of Google Cloud services:

CapabilityGoogle Cloud serviceNotes
ComputeCloud Run v2Node.js service, 1 vCPU / 512 MiB by default, serverless autoscaling; scale-to-zero supported
DatabaseCloud SQL for PostgreSQL 15Required — Unleash does not support MySQL or other engines
SecretsSecret ManagerAuto-generated bootstrap admin API token (INIT_ADMIN_API_TOKENS); database password
IngressCloud Run URL / Cloud Load BalancingDefault run.app URL; optional external HTTPS load balancer + custom domain

Sensible defaults worth knowing up front:

  • PostgreSQL 15 is mandatory. The database engine is fixed by the shared application layer; selecting any other engine breaks startup.
  • Unleash is stateless. All flag, toggle, strategy, segment, and audit data lives in PostgreSQL — no object storage, NFS, or persistent volume is provisioned, and any instance can serve any request.
  • No Redis or queue backend. Unleash needs no cache or queue; it scales horizontally by pointing more instances at the same database.
  • INIT_ADMIN_API_TOKENS is generated automatically and stored in Secret Manager. Unleash seeds this all-access (*:*) admin API token into its database at first boot so automation can call the Admin API immediately.
  • Scale-to-zero is enabled by default (min_instance_count = 0, cpu_always_allocated = false). Cold starts add a few seconds to the first request after idle. Set min_instance_count = 1 if SDK clients poll on a tight interval and cold-start latency is unacceptable.
  • DATABASE_URL is assembled at container start from the platform-injected DB_* variables by the custom image entrypoint, which branches on the connection type (socket, loopback proxy, or private IP) and keeps TLS certificate verification on for direct private-IP connections (secure by default).
  • The health endpoint is /health — a public, unauthenticated 200 endpoint. The Admin API under /api/admin/* requires a token.

2. Google Cloud Services & How to Explore Them

All commands assume PROJECT and REGION are set. Service and resource names are reported in the deployment Outputs.

A. Cloud Run — the Unleash service

Unleash runs as a Cloud Run v2 service that autoscales by request load between the minimum and maximum instance counts. Each deployment creates an immutable revision; traffic can be split across revisions for safe rollouts.

  • Console: Cloud Run → select the service for revisions, traffic, logs, and metrics.
  • CLI:
    gcloud run services list --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
    gcloud run services describe <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
    gcloud run revisions list --service <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"

See App_CloudRun for scaling, concurrency, execution environment, and traffic splitting.

B. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL 15

Unleash stores all application data (projects, feature flags, strategies, segments, API tokens, users, and the change/audit log) in a managed Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL 15 instance. The service connects privately through the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy; no public IP is exposed. On first deploy an initialization Job creates the application database and user, and Unleash applies its own schema migrations on startup.

  • Console: SQL → select the instance for connections, backups, flags, metrics.
  • CLI:
    gcloud sql instances list --project "$PROJECT"
    gcloud sql instances describe <instance-name> --project "$PROJECT"
    gcloud sql connect <instance-name> --user=<db-user> --database=<db-name> --project "$PROJECT"

The instance name, database, user, and password secret are in the Outputs. See App_CloudRun for the connection model, backups, and password rotation.

C. Secret Manager

A bootstrap admin API token is generated automatically and stored in Secret Manager, injected as INIT_ADMIN_API_TOKENS. The database password is managed separately by the foundation.

  • Console: Security → Secret Manager.
  • CLI:
    gcloud secrets list --project "$PROJECT" --filter="name~admin-token"
    gcloud secrets versions access latest --secret=<secret-name> --project "$PROJECT"
    # Use the token against the Admin API:
    curl -s -H "Authorization: <token>" "$SERVICE_URL/api/admin/projects"

See App_CloudRun for injection and rotation details.

D. Networking & ingress

The service is reachable at its run.app URL by default, which allows the public access SDK clients and CI systems need to reach the Unleash API. An external HTTPS load balancer with a custom domain, Cloud CDN, and Cloud Armor can be layered on; ingress settings and VPC egress control connectivity.

  • Console: Cloud Run (service URL); Network services → Load balancing.
  • CLI:
    gcloud run services describe <service-name> --region "$REGION" --format='value(status.url)'
    gcloud compute addresses list --project "$PROJECT"

See App_CloudRun.

E. Cloud Logging & Monitoring

Container logs flow to Cloud Logging; Cloud Run and Cloud SQL metrics flow to Cloud Monitoring, with optional uptime checks and alert policies.

  • Console: Logging → Logs Explorer; Monitoring → Dashboards / Alerting.
  • CLI:
    gcloud run services logs read <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION" --limit 50

3. Unleash Application Behaviour

  • First-deploy database setup. An initialization Job runs create-db-and-user.sh using postgres:15-alpine. It connects through the Cloud SQL Auth Proxy and idempotently creates the application database and user and grants privileges. The job is safe to re-run; it does not create tables.
  • Schema migrations on start. Unleash applies its own schema migrations automatically on every startup, so upgrading the application version applies schema changes without a separate migration step. Allow generous startup headroom on the first boot against an empty database.
  • DATABASE_URL is composed at runtime. The custom image entrypoint assembles the connection string from the injected DB_* variables. Verify the running revision's injected variables when debugging a connection issue:
    gcloud run services describe <service-name> \
    --region "$REGION" --project "$PROJECT" \
    --format='value(spec.template.spec.containers[0].env)'
  • Bootstrap admin API token. INIT_ADMIN_API_TOKENS seeds an all-access (*:*) admin API token at first boot so CI, the Unleash CLI, and SDK back ends can call the Admin API without a UI login. Retrieve it from Secret Manager (§2C).
  • Default UI credentials. The admin UI ships a well-known first-run account — admin / unleash4all. Change the password immediately after the first login.
  • Health path. Startup and liveness probes target /health — a public, unauthenticated endpoint that returns 200 only when the server is initialised and connected to PostgreSQL. The Admin API under /api/admin/* requires a token, so it must never be used as a probe path.
  • Inspect job execution:
    gcloud run jobs list --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
    gcloud run jobs executions list --job <job-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"

4. Configuration Variables

Variables are grouped exactly as they appear on the deployment platform. Only settings specific to or notable for Unleash are listed; every other input is inherited from App_CloudRun with its standard behaviour.

Group 1 — Project & Identity

VariableDefaultDescription
project_id(required)Target Google Cloud project.
regionus-central1Region for the service and regional resources.

Group 2 — Deployment Environment

VariableDefaultDescription
tenant_deployment_iddemoShort suffix that makes resource names unique per environment.
support_users[]Emails granted project access and monitoring alerts.
resource_labels{}Labels applied to all resources.

Group 3 — Application Identity

VariableDefaultDescription
application_nameunleashBase name for resources. Do not change after first deploy.
application_display_nameUnleashHuman-readable name shown in the Console.
application_descriptionUnleash Analytics on Cloud RunService description.
application_version5.7.0unleashorg/unleash-server image tag; latest is remapped to a pinned tag at build time.

Group 4 — Runtime & Scaling

VariableDefaultDescription
deploy_applicationtrueSet false to provision infrastructure only.
container_image_sourcecustomCloud Build wraps unleashorg/unleash-server with the DATABASE_URL entrypoint.
cpu_limit1000mCPU per instance; 1 vCPU is sufficient for most deployments.
memory_limit512MiMemory per instance; raise to 1Gi for heavy admin/reporting use.
min_instance_count00 enables scale-to-zero; set 1 for tight SDK polling.
max_instance_count3Unleash scales horizontally — all state is in PostgreSQL.
cpu_always_allocatedfalseRequest-based billing; Unleash does no background work needing an always-on CPU.
container_port4242Unleash listens on port 4242.
execution_environmentgen2Gen2 recommended.
timeout_seconds300Maximum request duration (0–3600 seconds).
enable_cloudsql_volumetrueCloud SQL Auth Proxy for socket connections.
enable_image_mirroringtrueMirror the built image into Artifact Registry.
traffic_split[]Split traffic across revisions for staged rollouts.
max_revisions_to_retain7How many old revisions to keep.

Group 5 — Access & Ingress Control

VariableDefaultDescription
ingress_settingsallall lets SDK clients and CI reach the Unleash API.
vpc_egress_settingPRIVATE_RANGES_ONLYRoute only RFC 1918 traffic via VPC.
enable_iapfalseRequire Google sign-in. Blocks token-authenticated SDK traffic.
iap_authorized_users / iap_authorized_groups[]Who may access through IAP.

Group 6 — Environment Variables & Secrets

VariableDefaultDescription
environment_variables{}Extra non-secret settings. DATABASE_URL is assembled at runtime — do not set it here.
secret_environment_variables{}Map of env var → Secret Manager secret name.
secret_propagation_delay30Seconds to wait after secret creation before proceeding.
secret_rotation_period2592000sSecret Manager rotation notification frequency.

Group 7 — Backup & Restore

VariableDefaultDescription
backup_schedule0 2 * * *Automated backup cron (UTC).
backup_retention_days7Retention; raise for production/compliance.
enable_backup_import / backup_source / backup_file / backup_formatrestore optionsRestore from a backup on deploy.

Group 8 — CI/CD & Binary Authorization

Standard App_CloudRun Cloud Build / Cloud Deploy integration — see App_CloudRun. Key inputs: enable_cicd_trigger, github_repository_url, github_token, enable_cloud_deploy, enable_binary_authorization.

Group 9 — Custom SQL Scripts

enable_custom_sql_scripts, custom_sql_scripts_bucket, custom_sql_scripts_path, custom_sql_scripts_use_root — run SQL from a GCS bucket after provisioning. See App_CloudRun.

Group 10 — Load Balancer, CDN & Image Retention

VariableDefaultDescription
enable_cloud_armorfalseProvision Global HTTPS LB + Cloud Armor WAF.
admin_ip_ranges[]CIDR ranges exempted from WAF rules.
application_domains[]Custom domain names for the HTTPS LB.
enable_cdnfalseEnable Cloud CDN on the HTTPS LB backend.
max_images_to_retain / delete_untagged_images / image_retention_days(set)Artifact Registry cleanup policy.

Group 11 — Storage & Filesystem

VariableDefaultDescription
create_cloud_storagetrueCreate GCS buckets defined in storage_buckets.
storage_buckets[]Empty — Unleash requires no file storage.
enable_nfsfalseNFS is off; Unleash is stateless.
gcs_volumes[]GCS Fuse volume mounts (requires gen2).
manage_storage_kms_iam / enable_artifact_registry_cmekfalseCMEK options.

Group 12 — Database Backend

VariableDefaultDescription
database_typePOSTGRES_15Fixed — Unleash requires PostgreSQL.
application_database_nameunleashPostgreSQL database name. Immutable after first deploy.
application_database_userunleashApplication database user. Password auto-generated in Secret Manager.
database_password_length32Generated password length (16–64).
enable_auto_password_rotation / rotation_propagation_delay_secoffDB password rotation.
enable_postgres_extensions / postgres_extensionsoff / []Optional PostgreSQL extensions.

Group 13 — Jobs & Scheduled Tasks

VariableDefaultDescription
initialization_jobs[]Leave empty to use the built-in db-init job.
cron_jobs[]Scheduled Cloud Scheduler + Cloud Run Jobs.
additional_services[]Sidecar/helper Cloud Run services.

Group 14 — Observability & Health

VariableDefaultDescription
startup_probeHTTP /health, 30s delay, 30 retriesStartup probe. Allow headroom for first-boot migrations.
liveness_probeHTTP /health, 30s delayLiveness probe.
startup_probe_configHTTP /healthStructured Cloud Run startup probe.
health_check_configHTTP /healthStructured Cloud Run liveness probe.
uptime_check_configdisabled, /healthCloud Monitoring uptime check.
alert_policies[]Metric alert policies.

Group 16 — Redis

VariableDefaultDescription
enable_redisfalseUnleash does not require Redis; leave disabled.
redis_host""Only used when enable_redis = true.
redis_port6379Redis port.

Group 22 — VPC Service Controls & Audit Logging

VariableDefaultDescription
enable_vpc_scfalseEnforce a VPC-SC perimeter (auto-discovers organization_id).
vpc_cidr_ranges / vpc_sc_dry_run(set)Access level CIDRs / dry-run mode.
enable_audit_loggingfalseDetailed Cloud Audit Logs.

5. Outputs

Returned on a successful deployment — the quickest way to locate and explore the running resources.

OutputDescription
service_nameCloud Run service name.
service_urlDefault run.app URL of the service.
service_locationRegion the service runs in.
database_instance_nameCloud SQL instance name.
database_name / database_userApplication database name / user.
database_password_secretSecret Manager secret holding the DB password.
storage_bucketsCreated Cloud Storage buckets (empty for Unleash).
container_imageDeployed image.
cicd_enabled / github_repository_urlCI/CD status and connected repo.
deployment_id / project_idNaming and project identifiers.

6. Configuration Pitfalls & Sensible Defaults

Risk: Critical (data loss / outage / security) — High (service degraded) — Medium (cost or partial degradation) — Low (minor).

Inherited plan-time validation. This module passes its configuration through the App_CloudRun foundation engine, which validates values and combinations at plan time — a read replica without its primary, IAP with no authorized identities, a gen1 runtime with NFS/GCS mounts, a database_type that does not match an enabled extension, an out-of-range backup_retention_days. Invalid configuration fails the plan with a clear, named error before any resource is created, so most mistakes below are caught up front rather than at apply or runtime.

SettingSensible valueRiskConsequence if wrong
database_typePOSTGRES_15CriticalAny other engine breaks Unleash startup — it only supports PostgreSQL.
application_database_name / application_database_userSet onceCriticalImmutable after first deploy; renaming recreates the DB/user and destroys all flag data.
DATABASE_SSL_REJECT_UNAUTHORIZED (auto)Keep true on private IPCriticalDisabling certificate verification on a private-IP TCP connection weakens transport security.
enable_backup_importfalse unless restoringCriticalEnabling without a valid backup_file fails the import job.
startup_probe / liveness_probe path/healthHighPointing a probe at /api/admin/* returns 401/403 and the revision never becomes Ready.
enable_iaponly when no SDK trafficHighIAP blocks all unauthenticated requests, including token-authenticated SDK/CI calls to the Unleash API.
ingress_settingsallHighinternal blocks external SDK clients and CI from reaching the Unleash API.
INIT_ADMIN_API_TOKENS (auto)Retrieve from Secret ManagerMediumThe seeded token grants all-access admin API rights — treat it as a secret and rotate if exposed.
Default UI login admin / unleash4allChange on first loginHighLeaving the default password exposes full admin control of every flag.
min_instance_count0 (default) or 1MediumScale-to-zero adds a few seconds of cold-start latency to the first request after idle.
backup_retention_days7 (raise for prod)MediumToo short for compliance retention.

For the foundation behaviour referenced throughout — service identity, scaling and concurrency, ingress and load balancing, CI/CD, Cloud Armor, IAP, Binary Authorization, VPC-SC, backups, and image mirroring — see App_CloudRun. Unleash-specific application configuration shared with the GKE variant is described in Unleash_Common.