Logto on Google Cloud Run

Logto is an open-source, MPL-2.0-licensed identity provider — an Auth0 alternative that speaks OIDC and OAuth 2.0 and ships with sign-in flows, social/enterprise connectors, multi-tenancy, and an admin console. This module deploys Logto on Cloud Run v2 on top of the App_CloudRun foundation, which provisions and manages the shared Google Cloud infrastructure.

This guide focuses on the cloud services Logto uses and how to explore and operate them from the Google Cloud Console and the command line. For the mechanics common to every Cloud Run application — service identity, ingress and load balancing, scaling and concurrency, CI/CD, Cloud Armor, IAP, Binary Authorization, VPC Service Controls, backups, and the deployment lifecycle — refer to the App_CloudRun foundation guide rather than repeating them here.

---

1. Overview

Logto runs as a Node.js container on Cloud Run v2. The deployment wires together a focused set of Google Cloud services:

Capability	Google Cloud service	Notes
Compute	Cloud Run v2	Node.js service, 2 vCPU / 4 GiB by default; serverless autoscaling
Database	Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL 15	Required — Logto does not support MySQL or other engines
Object storage	Cloud Storage	One bucket provisioned automatically; optional for Logto (all core state is in Postgres)
Secrets	Secret Manager	Only the database password — Logto has no external application secret (OIDC keys are DB-seeded)
Ingress	Cloud Run URL / Cloud Load Balancing	Default run.app URL; optional external HTTPS load balancer + custom domain

Sensible defaults worth knowing up front:

• PostgreSQL 15 is mandatory. The database engine is fixed by the shared application layer; a plan-time guard rejects any non-PostgreSQL database_type.
• Logto core is published on port 3001; the admin console (3002) is not. Cloud Run publishes a single port, so only the core API / OIDC endpoint (3001) is reachable. The admin console — where the first admin account and applications are registered — runs on 3002 and is not exposed through the run.app URL. Plan a separate path to 3002 for first-run setup (see §3).
• There is no application secret to protect. Logto generates its OIDC signing keys on first boot and stores them in the database. Nothing in Secret Manager needs to be guarded or rotated except the foundation-managed DB password. Protecting Logto's keys means protecting Cloud SQL.
• min_instance_count = 1 by default. Logto is an identity provider on the request path of every login, so one instance is kept warm to avoid cold-start latency on OIDC requests. All state is in Postgres, so 0 (scale-to-zero) is data-safe if you prefer to trade cold starts for cost.
• cpu_always_allocated = false (request-based billing). Logto core is a request/response OIDC provider with no in-process background worker that must run without an inbound request, so CPU is billed only while serving.
• The connection bypasses the Cloud SQL socket. enable_cloudsql_volume = true still injects the Auth Proxy sidecar, but Logto's slonik driver cannot parse the Unix-socket DSN form — the entrypoint connects over the injected private IP (DB_IP) with sslmode=no-verify instead (encrypted; CA verification is skipped for the DB hop only).
• No Redis. Logto is Postgres-backed; enable_redis defaults to false.
• ENDPOINT is derived from the service URL. The entrypoint sets Logto's OIDC issuer and absolute URLs from the injected CLOUDRUN_SERVICE_URL; override ENDPOINT via environment_variables for a custom domain.

---

2. Google Cloud Services & How to Explore Them

All commands assume PROJECT and REGION are set. Service and resource names are reported in the deployment Outputs.

A. Cloud Run — the Logto service

Logto runs as a Cloud Run v2 service that autoscales by request load between the minimum and maximum instance counts. Each deployment creates an immutable revision; traffic can be split across revisions for safe rollouts. The published container port is 3001 (Logto core / OIDC).

• Console: Cloud Run → select the service for revisions, traffic, logs, and metrics.
• CLI:

  gcloud run services list --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
  gcloud run services describe <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
  gcloud run revisions list --service <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
  # Confirm the injected DB_HOST / DB_IP / ENDPOINT on the running revision:
  gcloud run services describe <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION" \
    --format='value(spec.template.spec.containers[0].env)'

See App_CloudRun for scaling, concurrency, execution environment, and traffic splitting.

B. Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL 15

Logto stores everything — users, applications, connectors, OIDC signing keys, and per-tenant roles — in a managed Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL 15 instance. On Cloud Run the Auth Proxy sidecar is injected, but the app connects over the instance private IP (DB_IP) with sslmode=no-verify because Logto's driver cannot use the socket DSN form. On first deploy an initialization Job creates the application database and role (with CREATEROLE, required for Logto's per-tenant RLS roles).

• Console: SQL → select the instance for connections, backups, flags, metrics.
• CLI:

  gcloud sql instances list --project "$PROJECT"
  gcloud sql instances describe <instance-name> --project "$PROJECT"
  gcloud sql connect <instance-name> --user=<db-user> --database=<db-name> --project "$PROJECT"

The instance name, database (logto), user (logto), and password secret are in the Outputs. See App_CloudRun for the connection model, backups, and password rotation.

C. Cloud Storage

One Cloud Storage bucket is provisioned automatically. Logto keeps all core state in PostgreSQL, so this bucket is available for optional assets rather than required runtime storage.

• Console: Cloud Storage → Buckets.
• CLI:

  gcloud storage buckets list --project "$PROJECT"
  gcloud storage ls gs://<bucket-name>/        # bucket name is in the Outputs

See App_CloudRun for GCS Fuse and CMEK options.

D. Secret Manager

Logto has no external application secret — its OIDC signing keys are generated and stored in the database on first boot. The only secret in play is the database password, which the foundation generates and manages.

• Console: Security → Secret Manager.
• CLI:

  gcloud secrets list --project "$PROJECT" --filter="name~logto"
  gcloud secrets versions access latest --secret=<database_password_secret> --project "$PROJECT"

See App_CloudRun for injection and rotation details.

E. Networking & ingress

The service is reachable at its run.app URL by default. Logto's OIDC issuer and all absolute redirect URLs are built from ENDPOINT, which the entrypoint derives from the service URL — so the browser-facing host, the issuer, and registered redirect URIs must all agree. An external HTTPS load balancer with a custom domain, Cloud CDN, and Cloud Armor can be layered on; set ENDPOINT to the custom domain when you do.

• Console: Cloud Run (service URL); Network services → Load balancing.
• CLI:

  gcloud run services describe <service-name> --region "$REGION" --format='value(status.url)'
  gcloud compute addresses list --project "$PROJECT"

See App_CloudRun.

F. Cloud Logging & Monitoring

Container logs flow to Cloud Logging; Cloud Run and Cloud SQL metrics flow to Cloud Monitoring, with optional uptime checks and alert policies. The entrypoint prints a [cloud-entrypoint] line reporting the resolved DB connection mode and ENDPOINT — useful when diagnosing connection or issuer-URL problems.

• Console: Logging → Logs Explorer; Monitoring → Dashboards / Alerting.
• CLI:

  gcloud run services logs read <service-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION" --limit 50

---

3. Logto Application Behaviour

• First-deploy database setup. An initialization Job runs db-init.sh using postgres:15-alpine. It idempotently creates the application role with CREATEDB CREATEROLE (required for Logto's per-tenant RLS roles) and the application database, then grants privileges and transfers public schema ownership to the app role. The job is safe to re-run.
• Schema and OIDC keys seeded on boot. On start Logto runs npm run cli db seed -- --swe (--swe = seed-when-empty, idempotent) which creates its schema and generates the OIDC private signing keys into the database — only when the database is empty. These keys are not stored in Secret Manager; the database is their sole custodian. Wiping the database regenerates new keys and invalidates all previously issued tokens and registered clients.
• No application secret to rotate. There is no encryption key or JWT secret in Secret Manager — only the foundation-managed DB password.
• Admin console (3002) is not published. Cloud Run exposes only the core (3001). The admin console — where you create the first administrator and register applications — runs on 3002 and is not reachable through the run.app URL. Complete first-run setup by fronting Logto with a proxy that routes to 3002, or by temporarily exposing 3002 through a dedicated deployment. ADMIN_ENDPOINT defaults to the same host as ENDPOINT for URL consistency.
• ENDPOINT must match the browser-facing host. Logto builds its OIDC issuer and redirect URLs from ENDPOINT; the entrypoint sets it from CLOUDRUN_SERVICE_URL. For a custom domain, set ENDPOINT in environment_variables before deploying.
• Health path. Startup, liveness, and readiness probes target /api/status — an unauthenticated endpoint that returns 200 once the core is up. The startup probe allows a wide first-boot window (60s initial delay + 30 retries) for the seed step. Verify it manually:

  curl -s "$(gcloud run services describe <service-name> --region "$REGION" \
    --format='value(status.url)')/api/status"

• Inspect job execution:

  gcloud run jobs list --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"
  gcloud run jobs executions list --job <job-name> --project "$PROJECT" --region "$REGION"

---

4. Configuration Variables

Variables are grouped exactly as they appear on the deployment platform. Only settings specific to or notable for Logto are listed; every other input is inherited from App_CloudRun with its standard behaviour.

Group 1 — Project & Identity

Variable	Default	Description
project_id	(required)	Target Google Cloud project.
region	us-central1	Region for the service and regional resources.

Group 2 — Deployment Environment

Variable	Default	Description
tenant_deployment_id	demo	Short suffix that makes resource names unique per environment.
support_users	[]	Emails granted project access and monitoring alerts.
resource_labels	{}	Labels applied to all resources.

Group 3 — Application Identity

Variable	Default	Description
application_name	logto	Base name for resources. Do not change after first deploy.
display_name	Logto	Human-readable name shown in the Console.
description	Logto - open-source Auth0-alternative identity provider (OIDC)	Service description.
application_version	latest	Logto image tag (svhd/logto:<tag>); pin to a specific release (e.g. 1.33) in production.

Group 4 — Runtime & Scaling

Variable	Default	Description
deploy_application	true	Set false to provision infrastructure only.
container_image_source	custom	Logto is built as a thin wrapper FROM svhd/logto — keep custom.
cpu_limit	2000m	CPU per instance.
memory_limit	4Gi	Memory per instance; Logto needs at least 2 GiB for reliable operation.
cpu_always_allocated	false	Request-based billing (CPU billed only while serving). Logto has no background worker to keep alive.
min_instance_count	1	Keep 1 warm so OIDC/login requests never hit a cold start; 0 is data-safe (all state in Postgres).
max_instance_count	5	Cost ceiling; must be ≥ min_instance_count.
container_port	3001	Logto core listens on 3001; the admin console (3002) is not published.
execution_environment	gen2	Gen2 recommended.
timeout_seconds	300	Maximum request duration.
enable_cloudsql_volume	true	Injects the Auth Proxy sidecar; Logto still connects via DB_IP (socket DSN unsupported by slonik).

Group 5 — Access & Ingress Control

Variable	Default	Description
ingress_settings	all	Public ingress so external OIDC clients and browsers can reach Logto.
vpc_egress_setting	PRIVATE_RANGES_ONLY	Route only RFC 1918 traffic via VPC.
enable_iap	false	Require Google sign-in. Blocks unauthenticated OIDC/login traffic — leave off for a public IdP.
iap_authorized_users / iap_authorized_groups	[]	Who may access through IAP.

Group 6 — Environment Variables & Secrets

Variable	Default	Description
environment_variables	{}	Extra non-secret settings. Set ENDPOINT here for a custom domain. Do not set PORT (Cloud Run reserves it) or DB_URL (composed by the entrypoint).
secret_environment_variables	{}	Map of env var → Secret Manager secret name. Logto needs none by default.
secret_propagation_delay	30	Seconds to wait after secret creation before proceeding.

Group 7 — Backup & Restore

Variable	Default	Description
backup_schedule	0 2 * * *	Automated database backup cron (UTC).
backup_retention_days	7	Retention; raise for production/compliance.
enable_backup_import / backup_source / backup_file / backup_format	restore options	Restore from a backup on deploy.

Group 8 — CI/CD & Binary Authorization

Standard App_CloudRun Cloud Build / Cloud Deploy integration — see App_CloudRun. Key inputs: enable_cicd_trigger, github_repository_url, github_token, enable_cloud_deploy, enable_binary_authorization.

Group 9–11 — Load Balancer / Storage / Custom SQL

enable_cloud_armor, application_domains, enable_cdn, and the Artifact Registry retention settings (Group 9); create_cloud_storage, storage_buckets, enable_nfs, gcs_volumes (Group 10); and enable_custom_sql_scripts and friends (Group 11) all follow standard App_CloudRun behaviour. NFS is off by default — Logto needs no shared filesystem.

Group 12 — Database Backend

Variable	Default	Description
db_name	logto	PostgreSQL database name. Immutable after first deploy.
db_user	logto	Application database user (granted CREATEROLE). Immutable after first deploy.
database_password_length	32	Generated password length.

Group 13 — Jobs & Scheduled Tasks

Variable	Default	Description
initialization_jobs	[]	Leave empty to use the built-in db-init job.

Group 14 — Observability & Health

Variable	Default	Description
startup_probe	HTTP /api/status, 60s delay, 30 retries	Wide first-boot window for the seed step.
liveness_probe	HTTP /api/status, 60s delay, 30s period	Liveness probe.
uptime_check_config	{ enabled=false, path="/" }	Cloud Monitoring uptime check. Disabled by default; enable and set path = "/api/status" for production monitoring.

Group 21 — Redis Cache & Queue

Variable	Default	Description
enable_redis	false	Logto uses Postgres for all persistence — leave false.

Group 22 — VPC Service Controls & Audit Logging

Variable	Default	Description
enable_vpc_sc	false	Enforce a VPC-SC perimeter.
enable_audit_logging	false	Detailed Cloud Audit Logs.

All other inputs follow standard App_CloudRun behaviour.

---

5. Outputs

Returned on a successful deployment — the quickest way to locate and explore the running resources.

Output	Description
service_name	Cloud Run service name.
service_url	Default run.app URL of the service (Logto core / OIDC endpoint).
service_location	Region the service runs in.
stage_services	Stage-specific service URLs (Cloud Deploy).
load_balancer_ip / load_balancer_url	External HTTPS load balancer IP / URL (when enabled).
database_instance_name	Cloud SQL instance name.
database_name / database_user	Application database name / user.
database_password_secret	Secret Manager secret holding the DB password.
database_host / database_port	DB endpoint / port.
storage_buckets	Created Cloud Storage buckets.
network_name / network_exists / regions	VPC network, presence, regions.
container_image / container_registry	Deployed image and Artifact Registry repo.
monitoring_enabled / monitoring_notification_channels / uptime_check_names	Monitoring status, channels, uptime checks.
initialization_jobs	Names of the setup jobs.
deployment_id / tenant_id / resource_prefix	Naming identifiers.
project_id / project_number	Project identifiers.
cicd_enabled / github_repository_url / github_repository_owner / github_repository_name / cicd_configuration	CI/CD status and details.
artifact_registry_repository / cloudbuild_trigger_name / cloudbuild_trigger_id	Registry and build trigger.
vpc_sc_enabled / vpc_sc_perimeter_name / vpc_sc_dry_run_mode	VPC-SC status.
audit_logging_enabled / artifact_registry_cmek_enabled	Audit logging and CMEK status.

---

6. Configuration Pitfalls & Sensible Defaults

Risk: Critical (data loss / outage / security) — High (service degraded) — Medium (cost or partial degradation) — Low (minor).

Inherited plan-time validation. This module passes its configuration through the App_CloudRun foundation engine, which validates values and combinations at plan time — a non-PostgreSQL database_type, min_instance_count > max_instance_count, Redis enabled with no resolvable host, enable_cloudsql_volume with no database. Invalid configuration fails the plan with a clear, named error before any resource is created, so most mistakes below are caught up front rather than at apply or runtime.

Setting	Sensible value	Risk	Consequence if wrong
Cloud SQL database	Back up; never wipe	Critical	Logto's OIDC signing keys live in the DB. Wiping it regenerates new keys and invalidates every issued token and registered client.
db_name / db_user	Set once	Critical	Immutable after first deploy; renaming recreates the DB/role and destroys all identity data.
database_type	POSTGRES_15	Critical	MySQL/other engines are rejected at plan time; Logto only runs on PostgreSQL.
enable_backup_import	false unless restoring	Critical	Enabling without a valid backup file fails the import job.
ENDPOINT	Actual browser-facing host	High	A mismatched issuer breaks OIDC discovery, redirect URIs, and every OAuth callback.
container_port	3001	High	The core listens on 3001; a wrong port makes every probe and request fail. Admin console (3002) is intentionally unpublished.
enable_iap	false for a public IdP	High	IAP blocks all unauthenticated requests, including the OIDC/login flows Logto exists to serve.
memory_limit	4Gi (≥ 2 GiB)	High	Below ~2 GiB Logto is prone to OOM under load.
Admin console access (3002)	Plan a route before go-live	High	The first-admin/setup UI is on 3002, unreachable via the run.app URL — first-run setup stalls without a separate path.
enable_cloudsql_volume	true	Medium	The proxy sidecar is injected for parity, but Logto connects via DB_IP; disabling it removes the sidecar without harming the app's private-IP path.
min_instance_count	1 for production	Medium	Scale-to-zero (0) adds cold-start latency to the first login after idle (data-safe otherwise).
enable_redis	false	Low	Logto does not use Redis; enabling it wires an unused dependency.
backup_retention_days	7 (raise for prod)	Medium	Too short for compliance retention.

---

For the foundation behaviour referenced throughout — service identity, scaling and concurrency, ingress and load balancing, CI/CD, Cloud Armor, IAP, Binary Authorization, VPC-SC, backups, and image mirroring — see App_CloudRun. Logto-specific application configuration shared with the GKE variant is described in Logto_Common.